Standardized karyotype and idiogram of Thai native swamp buffalo, Bubalus bubalis (Artiodactyla, Bovidae) by convention staining, G-banding, C-banding and NOR-banding techniques

Supanuam, P., Tanomtong, A., Jantarat, S., Kakampuy, W., Kaewsri, S. and Kenthao, A. 2009.

Standardized karyotype and idiogram of Thai native swamp buffalo, Bubalus bubalis (Artiodactyla, Bovidae) by convention staining, G-banding, C-banding and NOR-banding techniques. Thai Journal of Genetics 3(1): 83-93. [PDF] (TCI: Thai-Journal Citation Index Centre)

ABSTRACT

           Standardized karyotype and idiogram of the Thai native swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) at Khon Kaen University, Thailand, were studied. Blood samples were taken from two male and two female swamp buffaloes. After lymphocyte culture, the mitotic chromosome preparation was accomplished by hypotonic-air-drying method. Conventional staining, G-banding, C-banding and NOR-banding techniques were applied to stain the chromosome. The results showed that diploid number of Thai native swamp buffalo was 2n=48, the fundamental numbers (NF) were 58 in both male and female. The types of autosomes were 4 large metacentric, 4 large acrocentric, 2 small submetacentric and 36 small telocentric chromosomes. The X chromosome was large telocentric chromosome and the Y chromosome was the small telocentric chromosome. From G-banding, each chromosome pair appears with distinctively differentiated. C-banding shown C-positive (dark band) on centromere of all telocentric chromosomes but others appeared as C-negative (light band). NOR banding exhibited 6 telocentric chromosome pairs. The karyotype formula of Thai native swamp buffalo was as follows:

                    2n (diploid) 48 = Lm4+ La4+Ssm2+St36 + sex chromosomes

Keywords: chromosome, Thai native swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), karyotype